1. Abubuwan sarrafa injin nadawa
1. L ninka
Dangane da kusurwar, an raba shi zuwa ninki 90˚ da ninki mara ninki 90˚.
Dangane da tsarin sarrafawa, an raba shi zuwa tsarin sarrafawa gabaɗaya (L> V/2) da kuma tsarin sarrafawa na musamman (L)
>Ana zaɓar mold ɗin bisa ga kayan, kauri na farantin, da kuma kusurwar da aka samar.
>Ka'idar Dogara
①Dangane da ƙa'idar matsayi biyu bayan an gyara su, da kuma matsayi bisa ga siffar kayan aikin.
②Kula da karkacewar idan aka sanya dokar baya, kuma ana buƙatar ya kasance a kan layin tsakiya ɗaya tare da girman lanƙwasa na aikin.
③Idan aka yi lanƙwasawa kaɗan, wurin da aka mayar da baya ya fi kyau.
④Ya fi kyau a sanya dokar a baya a ƙasa a tsakiya. (Lokacin jingina baya, dokokin ba su da sauƙin karkatarwa)
⑤Ya fi kyau a ci gaba da kasancewa kusa da dokar baya.
⑥Dogon gefen ya fi kyau.
⑦Yi amfani da jigs don taimakawa wurin sanyawa (matsayin hypotenuse mara tsari).
>Matakan kariya
①Kula da hanyar sanyawa yayin sarrafawa da kuma yanayin motsi na bayan-tsari a cikin hanyoyin sarrafa matsayi daban-daban.
②Ana lanƙwasa masakar lokacin da ake shigar da ita, kuma dole ne a ja ta baya don hana kayan aikin lalacewa lokacin da aka lanƙwasa ta.
③Idan babban kayan aikin ya lanƙwasa a ciki, saboda girman siffar kayan aikin da ƙaramin yankin lanƙwasa, yana da wuya kayan aiki da yankin lanƙwasa su yi karo, wanda ke haifar da wahalar sanya kayan aikin ko lalacewar kayan aikin da aka lanƙwasa. Domin guje wa yanayin da ke sama, zaku iya ƙara wurin sanyawa a cikin alkiblar tsayin aikin, don haka sarrafa kayan aikin ya kasance a wurare biyu, wanda hakan ke sa wurin sarrafa kayan ya zama mai sauƙi, kuma yana inganta amincin sarrafa kayan aikin, yana guje wa lalacewar kayan aikin, kuma yana inganta ingancin samarwa.
2. N ninka
N-folds suna buƙatar hanyoyin sarrafawa daban-daban bisa ga siffofi daban-daban. Lokacin lanƙwasawa, girman ciki na kayan ya kamata ya fi 4MM, kuma girman girman X yana iyakance ne da siffar mold. Idan girman ciki na kayan bai wuce 4MM ba, yi amfani da wata hanya ta musamman don sarrafawa.
>Zaɓi mold bisa ga kauri, girma, kayan aiki da kusurwar lanƙwasa.
>Ka'idar Dogara
①Tabbatar cewa kayan aikin ba ya tsoma baki tare da mold ɗin
②Tabbatar cewa kusurwar matsayi ta ɗan ƙasa da digiri 90.
③Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da ƙa'idodi biyu bayan an ƙayyade, sai dai idan akwai yanayi na musamman.
>Matakan kariya
①Bayan lanƙwasa L-folding, kusurwar da ake tsammanin ya kamata ta kasance a digiri 90 ko kuma ƙasa da digiri 90 don sauƙaƙe sarrafawa da sanyawa.
②A lokacin naɗewa na biyu, ana buƙatar matsayin matsayi ya kasance a tsakiya a saman sarrafawa.
3. Z ninka
Ana kuma kiransa bambancin mataki, wato, ɗaya mai kyau ɗayan kuma lanƙwasawa ta baya. Dangane da kusurwar, an raba bambancin da ke tsakanin hypotenuse da gefen madaidaiciya.
Mafi ƙarancin girman sarrafa lanƙwasa yana iyakance ne ta hanyar ƙirar sarrafawa, kuma matsakaicin girman sarrafawa ana ƙayyade shi ta hanyar siffar injin sarrafawa. A cikin yanayi na al'ada, idan girman ciki na kayan Z-folded bai wuce 3.5T ba, ana amfani da tsarin yanayin bambancin sassa. Idan ya fi 3.5T girma, ana amfani da hanyar sarrafawa ta al'ada.
>Ka'idar Dogara
①Matsayi mai dacewa da kwanciyar hankali mai kyau.
②Matsayin gabaɗaya iri ɗaya ne da naɗin L.
③Matsayin sakandare yana buƙatar cewa kayan aikin da aka sarrafa da kuma ƙananan na'urar busarwa suna da tsabta.
>Matakan kariya
①Dole ne kusurwar sarrafawa ta L-fold ta kasance a wurin, gabaɗaya digiri 89.5-90.
②Kula da nakasar kayan aikin lokacin da ake ja da baya bayan dokar.
③Dole ne tsarin sarrafawa ya zama daidai.
④Don sarrafawa ta musamman, ana iya amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin don sarrafawa:
——- Hanyar raba layin tsakiya (sarrafa eccentric)
——-Ƙaramin sarrafa V (yana buƙatar ƙara yawan lanƙwasawa)
——-Sauƙin ƙirƙirar mold
——-Sake fasalin ƙananan na'urar
4. Juya naɗewa ka daidaita
Ana kuma kiranta da lanƙwasawa ta baya da lanƙwasa.
Matakan sarrafawa na gefen da ba shi da kyau:
① Da farko a lanƙwasa sannan a saka a zafin da ya kai digiri 35.
② Yi amfani da abin ɗaurawa don daidaita shi har sai ya yi daidai kuma ya yi matsewa.
>Zaɓin yanayi
Dangane da kauri sau 5-6, zaɓi faɗin ramin V na ƙananan mold tare da zurfin digiri 30, sannan zaɓi mold na sama bisa ga takamaiman yanayin mashin ɗin.
>Matakan kariya
Kula da daidaiton ɓangarorin biyu na ɓangaren da ya mutu. Idan girman aikin ɓangaren da ya mutu ya fi tsayi, ana iya naɗe gefen da ya faɗi da farko sannan a daidaita shi. Don gajerun gefuna da suka mutu, ana iya amfani da madauri don sarrafawa.
5. Kayan aikin latsawa
Yi amfani da injin naɗawa don dannawa da haɗa kayan aikin, gabaɗaya ta amfani da rami, kayan aiki da sauran kayan aikin gyaran mold.
A cikin yanayi na yau da kullun akwai: goro mai matsewa, ƙusoshin matsewa, sukurori masu matsewa da sauran kayan aiki.
>Matakan kariya
①Idan ana buƙatar a guji siffar kayan aikin don sarrafawa, ya kamata a guji matsayin.
②Bayan an sarrafa shi, a duba karfin juyi, ko matsin ya kai matsayin da aka saba, da kuma ko kayan aikin da kayan aikin sun yi kauri kuma sun yi tsauri.
③Bayan lanƙwasawa, lokacin da ake dannawa kusa da kayan aikin injin, a kula da matsayin sarrafawa da kuma daidaiton mold ɗin.
④Idan kumburi ne, don Allah a kula kada a sami tsagewa a kan kumburin, kuma kumburin bai kamata ya fi saman aikin ba.
6. Simple mold forming
Babban abun da ke cikin sarrafa siffa mai sauƙi ya haɗa da: ƙaramin bambanci na sashe, ƙugiya, gadar zana, jakar zana, matsewar busasshiyar da kuma wasu siffofi marasa tsari.
Ka'idar ƙira ta mold mai sauƙi tana nufin "ƙa'idar ƙirar mold mai sauƙin yankewa ta Laser"
Ana sanya masaku masu sauƙi a wuri ɗaya ko kuma a sanya su a wuri ɗaya bayan an yi amfani da su.
Abu mafi mahimmanci don sarrafa abubuwan da ke sama tare da sauƙin sarrafa mold shine cewa aikinsa da buƙatun haɗuwa ba su shafi ba, kuma bayyanar al'ada ce.
2. Matsalolin da aka saba fuskanta a aikin nadawa da mafita na nadawa na'ura
1. Al'amarin zamewa yayin sarrafawa
>Binciken Dalili:
①Gabaɗaya, ana zaɓar faɗin ramin V na (4-6)T lokacin zaɓar mold mai lanƙwasa. Idan girman lanƙwasa ya ƙasa da rabin faɗin ramin V da aka zaɓa, zamewa za ta faru.
②Ramin V da aka zaɓa ya yi girma sosai
③Maganin tsari
>Mafita;
①Hanyar karkata layin tsakiya (sarrafawa mai faɗi). Idan girman ciki na kayan da aka lanƙwasa ya fi ƙasa da (4-6)T/2, rubanya gwargwadon iyawa
②Aikin sarrafa kayan rufi.
③Yi amfani da ƙaramin ramin V don lanƙwasawa da kuma babban ramin V don matsa lamba.
④Zaɓi ƙaramin ramin V.
2. Faɗin lanƙwasa na ciki ya fi kunkuntar fiye da faɗin mold na yau da kullun
>Binciken Dalili:
Tunda mafi ƙarancin faɗin da aka saba da shi na ƙananan mold na gadon naɗewa shine 10mm, ɓangaren lanƙwasawa bai wuce 10mm ba. Idan lanƙwasa ce mai digiri 90, tsawonta bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da √2(L+V/2)+T ba. Don irin wannan lanƙwasawa, dole ne a dage mold ɗin a kan tushen mold ɗin (banda 'yancin alkiblar sama ba a iyakance shi ba) don guje wa matsar da mold ɗin da kuma sa a goge kayan aikin ko kuma haifar da haɗarin aminci.
>Mafita:
①ƙara girman (don a amince da abokin ciniki), wato, ƙara faɗin naɗin ciki.
②sauƙin sarrafa mold
③kayan aikin niƙa (wannan zai haifar da ƙaruwar farashin sarrafawa)
3. Ramin yana kusa da layin lanƙwasawa sosai, lanƙwasawa zai sa ramin ya jawo kayan ya juya kayan
>Binciken Dalili:
Idan aka yi la'akari da cewa nisan da ke tsakanin ramin da layin lanƙwasa shine L, lokacin da L<(4–6)T/2, ramin zai ja kayan. Babban dalili shine yayin lanƙwasa, kayan yana lalacewa saboda ƙarfin jan hankali, wanda ke haifar da abin da ke faruwa na jan abu da juyawa.
Ga nau'ikan kauri daban-daban na faranti, gwargwadon faɗin ramin na ƙirar da ake da ita, mafi ƙarancin ƙimar L shine kamar haka:
>Mafita:
①ƙara girman, da kuma yanke gefen da aka naɗe bayan an yi shi.
②faɗaɗa ramin zuwa layin lanƙwasa (ba dole ne ya yi wani tasiri ga kamanni da aikin ba, kuma abokin ciniki ya yarda).
③sarrafa sirri ko sarrafa crimping
④Tsarin aiki mai ban mamaki na mold
⑤gyara girman ramin
4. Nisa tsakanin gefen zane da layin lanƙwasa ƙarami ne, kuma ɓangaren zane ya lalace bayan lanƙwasawa
>Binciken Dalili:
Idan L<(4–6)T/2, saboda zanen yana hulɗa da ƙananan mayafin, zanen yana lalacewa ta hanyar ƙarfi yayin aikin lanƙwasawa.
>Mafita:
①sarrafa sirri ko sarrafa crimping.
②gyara girman zane.
③ta amfani da tsarin sarrafa mold na musamman
④Tsarin aiki mai ban mamaki na mold
5. Dogon gefen da ya mutu ya karkace bayan an daidaita shi
>Binciken Dalili:
Saboda dogon gefen da ba shi da kyau, ba a haɗa shi sosai idan an daidaita shi, wanda hakan ke sa ƙarshen ya karkace bayan an daidaita shi.﹔Wannan yanayin yana da alaƙa da yanayin shimfida, don haka a kula da yanayin shimfida lokacin shimfiɗa
>Mafita:
①Niƙa kusurwoyin da suka karkace (duba zane) kafin naɗe gefuna da suka mutu, sannan a daidaita su.
②Shirya a matakai da yawa:
——Da farko danna ƙarshen don sa gefen da ya mutu ya lanƙwasa ƙasa.
—— A daidaita tushen.
Lura: Tasirin lanƙwasa yana da alaƙa da ƙwarewar aiki na mai aiki, don haka don Allah a kula da ainihin yanayin da ake ciki yayin lanƙwasa.
6. Gadar jan babban tsayi tana da sauƙin karyewa
>Binciken Dalili:
①Saboda tsayin gadar zane ya yi yawa, kayan sun miƙe sosai kuma sun karye.
②Kusurwoyin da ke cikin wannan tsari mai sauƙi ba a niƙa su ba ko kuma niƙa su bai isa ba.
③Taurin kayan yayi ƙasa sosai ko kuma jikin gadar yayi ƙanƙanta sosai.
>Mafita:
①a tsawaita ramin sana'ar a gefen da ya karye.
②Ƙara faɗin gadar famfo.
③niƙa kusurwar R mai sauƙi don ƙara canjin baka.
④ƙara man shafawa a kan gadar zana. (Saboda haka, wannan hanyar za ta sa saman kayan aikin ya yi datti, don haka ba za a iya amfani da shi ga sassan AL ba, da sauransu)
7. A lokacin sarrafa mold mai sauƙi, girman sarrafawa zai motsa
>Binciken Dalili:
Saboda ƙarfin matsewa na gaba na kayan aikin yayin aikin injin, kayan aikin suna juyawa gaba, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwa a cikin ƙaramin kusurwar karkatarwa ta gaba L.
>Mafita:
①Cire ɓangaren da ke cikin hoton. Gabaɗaya, yi daidai gwargwadon bambancin.
②niƙa duk sassan da ke sanya kansu a cikin sifar mai sauƙi, sannan a saita matsayin bayan an canza shi don amfani.
8. Jimillar girman abin da aka buɗe (yana nufin buɗewa) ƙanƙanta ne ko babba, wanda bai yi daidai da saman zagaye ba.
>Binciken Dalili:
①an faɗaɗa aikin ba daidai ba.
②girman ɓoyewa ba daidai ba ne.
>Mafita:
Dangane da jimillar karkacewar da aka yi a alkiblar karkacewar da kuma adadin wukake masu lanƙwasa, ana ƙididdige karkacewar da aka ware wa kowace naɗi.
Idan aka ƙididdige haƙurin rarrabawa yana cikin kewayon haƙuri, aikin da aka yi amfani da shi ya dace.
—–Idan girman ya yi yawa, ana iya sarrafa shi da ƙaramin ramin V.
—–Idan girman ya yi ƙanƙanta sosai, ana iya sarrafa shi da babban ramin V.
9. Bayan an rufe ramin, zai fashe, ko kuma haɗin ba zai yi ƙarfi ba, kuma zai lalace.
>Binciken Dalili:
①Fashewar ta faru ne saboda kusurwar R na naushin naushin ya yi ƙanƙanta ko kuma burar flanging ɗin ta yi girma sosai.
②Rashin matsewa yana faruwa ne saboda rashin isasshen faɗaɗa ramin famfo.
③Lalacewar tana faruwa ne sakamakon ruɓewar rami ko kuma hanyar haɗin gwiwa mara kyau.
>Mafita:
①Yi amfani da naushi mai babban kusurwar R maimakon haka.
Lura: Burrs da ke kewaye da ramin lokacin da ramin ya lanƙwasa.
②Ƙara matsin lamba, ramin salatin zai ƙaru kuma ya zurfafa, yi amfani da babban naushi na kusurwa na R maimakon.
③Canza hanyar haɗin gwiwa da kuma dalilin da yasa ramin ya lalace.
10. Ingarma ya karkace ko ya lalace bayan an danna
>Binciken Dalili:
①Babu wani kayan aiki mai faɗi yayin sarrafa samfurin.
②Matsi a ƙasan saman kayan aikin ba shi da daidaito ko kuma matsin ya yi yawa.
>Mafita:
①Lokacin da ake danna sandar, dole ne a daidaita aikin.
②Yi firam ɗin tallafi.
③sake daidaita matsin lamba.
④Ƙara ƙarfin da ke ƙasan saman kuma rage ƙarfin da ke saman saman.
11. Bangarorin biyu ba sa yin daidai bayan bambancin matakin
>Binciken Dalili:
①ba a daidaita mold ɗin ba.
②Ba a daidaita gaskets na sama da ƙasa yadda ya kamata ba.
③fuskokin mold na sama da na ƙasa suna da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban.
>Mafita:
①Sake duba mold ɗin.
②Ƙara ko rage gasket. (Don takamaiman hanyoyin daidaitawa, duba "Fasahar Sarrafa Raba")
③Modulation ɗin ba shi da wani amfani.
④Canza saman da za a ɗauka, don saman saman da na ƙasan mold ɗin su kasance iri ɗaya.
12. Ƙullewar da ke saman samfurin ta yi zurfi sosai
>Binciken Dalili:
①ƙananan tsagi V ƙarami ne
②Kusurwar R ta ƙananan mold ɗin V ƙarami ne
③kayan yana da laushi sosai.
>Mafita:
①ta amfani da manyan injin V
②yi amfani da manyan hanyoyin sarrafa mold na kusurwar R
③lanƙwasa kayan gado (kushin ƙarfe ko Ugliad)
13. Lanƙwasa kusa ta lalace bayan lanƙwasawa
>Binciken Dalili:
Injin yana aiki da sauri yayin lanƙwasawa, kuma saurin lanƙwasawa sama na kayan aikin yayin aikin nakasa ya fi saurin motsi na hannun mai aiki da ke riƙe da kayan aikin.
>Mafita:
①rage saurin aiki na na'urar
②Ƙara saurin tallafin hannun mai aiki.
14. Sassan AL suna iya samun tsagewa idan an lanƙwasa su
>Binciken Dalili:
Saboda kayan AL yana da tsarin lu'ulu'u na musamman, yana da sauƙin karyewa lokacin da aka lanƙwasa layukan layi ɗaya.
>Mafita:
①Lokacin da ake cire ɓoyayyen abu, yi la'akari da yanke kayan AL a cikin alkiblar da ke daidai da alkiblar lanƙwasa (ko da kuwa alkiblar lanƙwasa kayan tana daidai da layin).
②ƙara kusurwar mold ta sama R
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-03-2021